If you are dropping your boat into fresh water, you will want to ride your brakes for a few seconds to dry out the water. I would also coat all of the moving steel parts inside with anti-seize but not the drums. For some reason Cast Iron is more resistant to rusting than steel. I have seen cast iron pumps last for years around waste water that eats up carbon steel in a few months if not painted with epoxy paint.
Good trailer parts places like the one I used R&P Carriages who sell on eBay have the flanges you need to add brakes to your axle. The trick is to install the backing plate flange onto the backing plate. with the inner bearing inside the drum hub, slide the backing plate assembly into the drum and then adjust the shoes out so they are very slightly dragging on the drums. Put the assembly onto the axle stub, install the outer bearing. Tack weld the flange to the axle on both sides from the back. If you can weld the whole flange from the back side, do it. If not remove the drum and backing plate from the flange and weld the flange from the inside, paint it and assemble. If you can weld exhaust pipe, you can weld on the flanges.
I put on the biggest brakes that I could so that they will last longer and stop better. You will need to know your wheel size, bolt pattern, and axle size to get the right parts.
http://stores.ebay.com/R-and-P-Carriages-Trailer-Sales