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 Post subject: Blow-by, dying turbo, none of the above?
PostPosted: Tue Dec 31, 2013 8:53 am 
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Hello all. My ex-wife’s 05 Liberty CRD (107,000 miles and stock.) has recently been making some death rattles and, as her regular mechanic is just not that trustworthy with this rig, she’s asked me to try to figure out the real story with it. Let me just say that it's been awhile since I perused the CRD forums here, and they are as helpful and high quality as I remember. I thank you all for that and I'll continue to keep diving into them for some useful info. But in the meantime....

A few random tidbits to keep in mind 1) This is in Fairbanks, Alaska and it has been butt cold recently; 2) I used to be a diesel wrench but haven’t done much in that regard recently; I am just visiting and don’t have tools or shop easily on hand but I have pretty extensive diesel troubleshooting experience in general; 3) This vehicle has grenaded two turbos, the most recent approximately a year (15k miles more or less) ago; 4) I trust the info coming from the shop in the sense of being in good faith but not in terms of diagnostic logic.

Okay, so the situation. A few weeks ago, prior to a major cold snap, jeepy started blowing tons of black smoke with a significant loss in power, especially on hills or under load of any kind. When I first drove it, I couldn’t feel or hear any significant turbo spooling. Within a day or so the symptoms were worsening and a hellish low-end sounding knock was developing under load. My worst case fear was, of course, that the turbo had gone again and starved the crank: game over.

I checked the oil and the level was fine with no obvious signs of terror or distress. No fuel or metal in the oil. No CEL on. Pulled the turbo to IC hose and found a light coating of oil but nothing too bad. Turbo itself didn’t look oiled. The shaft however did have some play both side to side and in and out. The ccv looked somewhat weepy and turbo drain line had a nose bleed, but nothing major.

She took it to the shop and the tech told her 1) that he drained 2.5 quarts of oil from the IC. 2) That restricting the CCV out hose resulted in major pressure build in the case. 3) He did not load gauge the boost pressure but was confident it was developing at least a reasonable amount, judging by oil being pushed into the IC. 4) There was a good deal of air in the fuel system around the filter housing, which he purged. His conclusion: the rings are shot from a prior turbo episode and the engine has hellish blowby. Engine needs a rebuild.

I don’t buy it and am trying to scrap together some way of leak down testing the cylinders myself. My reasoning is 1) How the heck would it be blasting that much oil through the cylinders and into the IC and yet have lost zero oil in the 2.5 months since the last oil change (unless the last oil change, at their shop, resulted in a massive overfill.)? 2) The smoke, and there is shtons of it, smells and looks more like poor combustion soot than burnt oil to me.

Tried to drive it home from the shop and it wouldn’t go. Started fine, no knocking, revved okay albeit with unchanged smoke, turbo sounded more active, but wouldn’t develop enough power to go any faster than 10 mph on a level street. Drove it back and parked until I can tow it. This could, though be a red herring in that it was about -20 and the jeep had been sitting outside all afternoon. Felt almost like a limp mode.

Yes, I know, comp or leak down test will be required to get to the bottom of the ring or valve condition. Boost gauge under load will tell me if the turbo is doing its job. Working on it, but no one local really wants to touch these with a ten foot pole.

Anyone have any useful ideas, tips, a spare Liberty geek hiding under a snowdrift in Fairbanks? Am I right in being baffled at the idea that a turbo engine not losing any oil somehow has massive blow by? Could it all be none of the above and just air in the fuel line + normal winter coking around valves and rings (it happens up here.)? Ex is totally over the rig, and I don't blame her. But we need to know what it's worth before passing it on or driving off a cliff and getting her a Subaru.

Thanks, and thanks again for the forums.


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 Post subject: Re: Blow-by, dying turbo, none of the above?
PostPosted: Tue Dec 31, 2013 10:35 am 
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SteamDonkey wrote:
Hello all. My ex-wife’s 05 Liberty CRD (107,000 miles and stock.) has recently been making some death rattles and, as her regular mechanic is just not that trustworthy with this rig, she’s asked me to try to figure out the real story with it. Let me just say that it's been awhile since I perused the CRD forums here, and they are as helpful and high quality as I remember. I thank you all for that and I'll continue to keep diving into them for some useful info. But in the meantime....

A few random tidbits to keep in mind 1) This is in Fairbanks, Alaska and it has been butt cold recently; 2) I used to be a diesel wrench but haven’t done much in that regard recently; I am just visiting and don’t have tools or shop easily on hand but I have pretty extensive diesel troubleshooting experience in general; 3) This vehicle has grenaded two turbos, the most recent approximately a year (15k miles more or less) ago; 4) I trust the info coming from the shop in the sense of being in good faith but not in terms of diagnostic logic.

Okay, so the situation. A few weeks ago, prior to a major cold snap, jeepy started blowing tons of black smoke with a significant loss in power, especially on hills or under load of any kind. When I first drove it, I couldn’t feel or hear any significant turbo spooling. Within a day or so the symptoms were worsening and a hellish low-end sounding knock was developing under load. My worst case fear was, of course, that the turbo had gone again and starved the crank: game over.

I checked the oil and the level was fine with no obvious signs of terror or distress. No fuel or metal in the oil. No CEL on. Pulled the turbo to IC hose and found a light coating of oil but nothing too bad. Turbo itself didn’t look oiled. The shaft however did have some play both side to side and in and out. The ccv looked somewhat weepy and turbo drain line had a nose bleed, but nothing major.

She took it to the shop and the tech told her 1) that he drained 2.5 quarts of oil from the IC. 2) That restricting the CCV out hose resulted in major pressure build in the case. 3) He did not load gauge the boost pressure but was confident it was developing at least a reasonable amount, judging by oil being pushed into the IC. 4) There was a good deal of air in the fuel system around the filter housing, which he purged. His conclusion: the rings are shot from a prior turbo episode and the engine has hellish blowby. Engine needs a rebuild.

I don’t buy it and am trying to scrap together some way of leak down testing the cylinders myself. My reasoning is 1) How the heck would it be blasting that much oil through the cylinders and into the IC and yet have lost zero oil in the 2.5 months since the last oil change (unless the last oil change, at their shop, resulted in a massive overfill.)? 2) The smoke, and there is shtons of it, smells and looks more like poor combustion soot than burnt oil to me.

Tried to drive it home from the shop and it wouldn’t go. Started fine, no knocking, revved okay albeit with unchanged smoke, turbo sounded more active, but wouldn’t develop enough power to go any faster than 10 mph on a level street. Drove it back and parked until I can tow it. This could, though be a red herring in that it was about -20 and the jeep had been sitting outside all afternoon. Felt almost like a limp mode.

Yes, I know, comp or leak down test will be required to get to the bottom of the ring or valve condition. Boost gauge under load will tell me if the turbo is doing its job. Working on it, but no one local really wants to touch these with a ten foot pole.

Anyone have any useful ideas, tips, a spare Liberty geek hiding under a snowdrift in Fairbanks? Am I right in being baffled at the idea that a turbo engine not losing any oil somehow has massive blow by? Could it all be none of the above and just air in the fuel line + normal winter coking around valves and rings (it happens up here.)? Ex is totally over the rig, and I don't blame her. But we need to know what it's worth before passing it on or driving off a cliff and getting her a Subaru.

Thanks, and thanks again for the forums.



Have you checked both CAC hoses for splits or tears?
They often split underneath...you need to pull them both off and check for splits....symptoms are no power and blowing tons of smoke.

Also check the hose from the air-filter box to the turbo...hose has a habit of tearing at the point of connecting to the turbo.

Try get some codes extracted! :wink:

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 Post subject: Re: Blow-by, dying turbo, none of the above?
PostPosted: Tue Dec 31, 2013 10:42 am 
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also check the MAP sensor.. it is on the top of the engine .. drivers side.. under the plastic wiring harness "T" thing i think it is a t-10 torx

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 Post subject: Re: Blow-by, dying turbo, none of the above?
PostPosted: Tue Dec 31, 2013 11:21 am 
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Comments:
1. x2 on pulling both CAC hoses for inspection
2. MAP sensor bolt is an allen head not torx 4mm IIRC if OEM
3. check air filter
4. turbo play - very slight fore/aft ok; side to side should be barely perceptible - more of either is bad.
5. turbo oil drain line is gravity feed into a "push" grommet in block so slight weeping is not surprising.
6. if turbo is dumping oil it tends to do so in more or less a heart beat.
7. I'm curious how the mech. drained the intercooler. Unless I'm mistaken it has to be removed to do so.
8. have you checked the boost pressure solenoid via the bypass method (viewtopic.php?f=5&t=70602&p=757348&hilit=boost+solenoid#p757348) or the variable van actuator rod (per GDE "You can check the vane functionality at idle in park. Underneath the vacuum actuator on the turbo is rod extending downward connected to the vane mechanism. If you pull off the vacuum line at the turbo, the arm should drop about 1/2 inch and then raise back up after reconnecting the vacuum line. It is a bit difficult to see the rod, but this is the easiest method to check for proper VGT vane movement.")

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 Post subject: Re: Blow-by, dying turbo, none of the above?
PostPosted: Tue Dec 31, 2013 11:42 am 
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It sounds like broken rockers due to wear or low oil. The top end is push-fed and it's a "drip from above" system, not a spray or splash system. If you were low on oil for ANY reason, then the rockers would most likely be the first place to suffer, not the bottom end which will catastrophically fail very quickly without proper lubrication.

Rockers will also cause the sluggishness, black smoke, and 10mph that you're talking about without ever throwing a CEL.

It's most likely in the top end. I would advise you to check all the things everyone else has said first, but I initially thought mine was a turbo issue and many diesel techs told me it was a turbo issue oh so long ago, and it ended up being 4 broken rockers, so there's that.

I would definitely take the good advice the other members have given thus far, but in my honest opinion you're looking at a top end rebuild, which is nowhere near as expensive as it used to be, but is still time consuming for the uninitiated.

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 Post subject: Re: Blow-by, dying turbo, none of the above?
PostPosted: Tue Dec 31, 2013 12:07 pm 
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I'm not sure about this one guys, its grenaded 2 turbos! That's not normal. I think something is wrong with the variable vane control, a vacuum hose is split/ cracked or something. Only way to grenade a turbo is over speed, usually a blown CAC hose or map sensor would cause computer to defuel the engine, which with less exhaust energy would cause the turbo to spin slower.

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 Post subject: Re: Blow-by, dying turbo, none of the above?
PostPosted: Tue Dec 31, 2013 1:40 pm 
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1) No tears or loose connections in the CAC hoses that I could detect. Will check again.
2) No CELs.
3) The turbo has some side to side play. I don't think its healthy, but I doubt it's gone yet.
4) Did not have a chance to inspect the MAP before it went to the shop. But I will.
5) I don't believe that the engine has ever been seriously oil-starved during the turbo episodes. I could of course be wrong about that (I was not on hand for either incident) and low oil means different things to different engines. Both were pretty catastrophic seal bursts and caught immediately. I can't rule out starvation, but I'm not inclined to go there first, given the performance of the rig between episodes. Catastrophic rocker wear would show up in a leak-down, no?

On the other hand, if the symptoms fit they fit.

And a follow up, which I apologize for because I imagine it can be answered by searching elsewhere and I will get to that here in a bit. Assuming broken rockers and/or cooked top end does anyone have a recommendation for a shop experienced with rebuilding these heads? Is a new head findable? I don't really trust anyone local at this point and if I have to pull it, I need to turn it around as fast as possible.


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 Post subject: Re: Blow-by, dying turbo, none of the above?
PostPosted: Tue Dec 31, 2013 3:20 pm 
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Best bet on parts for this type of thing is http://idparts.com/catalog/index.php?fi ... ehicle=124

If it's rockers (pull the driver side CAC hose at the lower, flow control valve end, and hold tight to a piece of paper just in front of the FCV at idle; if it flutters rockers are shot if not they "may" be ok). To replace the rockers you are looking at going in as far as you would go for a timing belt/water pump job plus removing the valve cover. For that job you need to have or make the 2 cam holding pins and have a functional cam gear holding tool. For someone with experience like geordi the job can be done in a day. Set of rockers runs $360 plus some shipping.

If it's the head that's another story. I don't know anyone that rebuilds them but it can be done. idParts has new and reman heads and occasionally GDE has really good deals. Same amount of work as above plus pulling the head and you may or may not need a new head gasket and may or may not want to spring for ARP studs to replace the OEM head bolts.

What worries me is possible bottom end damage as a secondary result of losing 2 turbos. It's apparently not easy to get to the bottom end of the engine to check without pulling the engine. With that in mind dieselguy may have a spare engine and may or may not be willing to part with it.

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 Post subject: Re: Blow-by, dying turbo, none of the above?
PostPosted: Tue Dec 31, 2013 8:18 pm 
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You can get head assemblies from George at VM Specialists UK but then there is the shipping cost to contend with. If you had months you could ship by sea freight and save. Best bet might be to get the present one rebuilt - if its needed, parts are available for that.


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 Post subject: Re: Blow-by, dying turbo, none of the above?
PostPosted: Wed Jan 01, 2014 9:47 am 
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SteamDonkey wrote:
1) No tears or loose connections in the CAC hoses that I could detect. Will check again.
2) No CELs.
3) The turbo has some side to side play. I don't think its healthy, but I doubt it's gone yet.
4) Did not have a chance to inspect the MAP before it went to the shop. But I will.
5) I don't believe that the engine has ever been seriously oil-starved during the turbo episodes. I could of course be wrong about that (I was not on hand for either incident) and low oil means different things to different engines. Both were pretty catastrophic seal bursts and caught immediately. I can't rule out starvation, but I'm not inclined to go there first, given the performance of the rig between episodes. Catastrophic rocker wear would show up in a leak-down, no?

On the other hand, if the symptoms fit they fit.

And a follow up, which I apologize for because I imagine it can be answered by searching elsewhere and I will get to that here in a bit. Assuming broken rockers and/or cooked top end does anyone have a recommendation for a shop experienced with rebuilding these heads? Is a new head findable? I don't really trust anyone local at this point and if I have to pull it, I need to turn it around as fast as possible.


You don't need to replace the head with broken rockers in this engine. The rockers are a designed fail point and if they have broken you'll only have to replace them and the lifters. I had an actual lifter explode inside the head and it did no effective damage to the head.

Try the blow-by test already talked about by Papaindigo, there are YouTube videos of what it looks like and sounds like. Watch this: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=95x7NiozPB0

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 Post subject: Re: Blow-by, dying turbo, none of the above?
PostPosted: Wed Jan 01, 2014 12:33 pm 
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I am guessing it is rockers. I have a customer with the same exact symptoms... And it turned out to be rockers.

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 Post subject: Re: Blow-by, dying turbo, none of the above?
PostPosted: Wed Jan 01, 2014 1:19 pm 
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Much appreciated info. I'll dig into blow-by testing in the next day or so. My quandary here—assuming for the time being that at least a rocker or two are cooked—is the possible condition of the bottom end. I need to either 1) get this rig in a condition that I can I feel ethical about selling it—and with what, in my experience, feels like a moderately worn turbo even a new head would leave some major question marks; 2) Pass it on to a fellow diesel geek up here warts and all (of which there are not many; daily driver diesels being anathema to even true c.i. fanatics when it regularly gets to -40) or 3) Repossess it myself. Which is starting to not look like the worst option if a rocker rebuild is doable without a full head job.

Just rhetorical musings, but thanks all for the help.


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 Post subject: Re: Blow-by, dying turbo, none of the above?
PostPosted: Wed Jan 01, 2014 3:13 pm 
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wearing out three turbos in this short a span is indicative of a problem.
Given the temperature extremes in which you operate, it may be that this is contributory.
In any case, this is worrisome.

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 Post subject: Re: Blow-by, dying turbo, none of the above?
PostPosted: Wed Jan 01, 2014 3:24 pm 
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Out of curiosity, what oil, oil filter, and oil change interval are you running?

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 Post subject: Re: Blow-by, dying turbo, none of the above?
PostPosted: Wed Jan 01, 2014 7:33 pm 
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SteamDonkey wrote:
Much appreciated info. I'll dig into blow-by testing in the next day or so. My quandary here—assuming for the time being that at least a rocker or two are cooked—is the possible condition of the bottom end. I need to either 1) get this rig in a condition that I can I feel ethical about selling it—and with what, in my experience, feels like a moderately worn turbo even a new head would leave some major question marks; 2) Pass it on to a fellow diesel geek up here warts and all (of which there are not many; daily driver diesels being anathema to even true c.i. fanatics when it regularly gets to -40) or 3) Repossess it myself. Which is starting to not look like the worst option if a rocker rebuild is doable without a full head job.

Just rhetorical musings, but thanks all for the help.


Rocker/Lifters are completely doable without changing the head, I've personally done it 5 times now, looking forward to #6. And I've seen some pretty messed up rockers/lifters, including exploaded lifters and snapped in half rockers.

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 Post subject: Re: Blow-by, dying turbo, none of the above?
PostPosted: Wed Jan 01, 2014 8:04 pm 
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Mobile 0W-30. Not sure of filters.

My hypothesis of the first turbo going was that the ex pushed the change interval too far into the winter.
I don't remember how far, but she was in the middle of a crazy move and topped off but didn't change it. Probably up around 20k. So, there's no one to blame for that.

But what pissed me off about the shop that did the work was that they changed out the turbo and just told her, "We think the rings are shot, it has wicked blow by. You should get a new engine." First of all, I see bad oil in this rig blowing a turbo. I see it cooking a rocker or a valve. But short of adding gravel dust to the crankcase, I don't see it killing rings at under 100k miles. Secondly, even completely solid c.i. engines, in the interior winter here, will coke up rings and valves and blow all sorts of compression. It's just part of the situation here.

I think the tech just didn't want to go buy a comp. fitting for the CRD and clearly knew nothing about diesels in general. A leak down would have at least pointed toward comparatively painless head work and not toward the apathy inducing "my engine is going to hell soon" attitude. I'm not trying to lay this on the shop; just trying to get from sucks to sucks less and they fall into the former category.

Second turbo went about 15,000 miles later, again in winter, with the oil having been changed at 10k miles after the turbo rebuild.

I guess the hypothesis I am working toward, based on what i am hearing here, is that a cooked rocker or valve at the time of first turbo fail indeed was causing big blow by. That, coupled with the shop routinely plugging the MAF back in at oil changes (I would always unplug it when I visited) and the very hard winter conditions added up to a turbo struggling to push viscous, coked-up air.

Make sense?


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 Post subject: Re: Blow-by, dying turbo, none of the above?
PostPosted: Wed Jan 01, 2014 8:19 pm 
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SteamDonkey wrote:
Mobile 0W-30. Not sure of filters.

My hypothesis of the first turbo going was that the ex pushed the change interval too far into the winter.
I don't remember how far, but she was in the middle of a crazy move and topped off but didn't change it. Probably up around 20k. So, there's no one to blame for that.


Second turbo went about 15,000 miles later, again in winter, with the oil having been changed at 10k miles after the turbo rebuild.

Sounds like wrong oil, and too long of an OCI. I'd say that is what caused the issue(s) with the turbo, and I now don't doubt an issue with rockers. I'd be surprised if they weren't shot. Just to clarify, you are using 0w30, not 0w40, correct?

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 Post subject: Re: Blow-by, dying turbo, none of the above?
PostPosted: Wed Jan 01, 2014 8:25 pm 
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Correct. Mobil1 0w-30 synthetic and dealer filters.

Assuming I re-possess the rig (and drive it back to California where I live), any suggestions for future oil?


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 Post subject: Re: Blow-by, dying turbo, none of the above?
PostPosted: Thu Jan 02, 2014 12:58 am 
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SteamDonkey wrote:
Correct. Mobil1 0w-30 synthetic and dealer filters.

Assuming I re-possess the rig (and drive it back to California where I live), any suggestions for future oil?

M1 0w40 or a 5w40 synthetic.

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 Post subject: Re: Blow-by, dying turbo, none of the above?
PostPosted: Thu Jan 02, 2014 4:33 am 
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Stupid question but does your Ex let the Jeep idle for a while before switching the engine off....escpecially after a long drive?

Not doing this procedure every time will chew up Turbos. :shock:

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